Amidst all the noise, the publication of so many thousands of books and journal articles, occasionally some works cut through to profoundly affect at least some elements of society. Two such books are A Secular Age (2007) by Canadian academic Charles Taylor (a huge and weighty tome), and, The Rise and Triumph of the Modern Self: Cultural Amnesia, Expressive Individualism and the Road to Sexual Revolution by Carl R Trueman (2020). Trueman explains “the changes we have witnessed in the content and significance of sexual codes since the 1960s are symptomatic of deeper changes in how we think of the purpose of life, the meaning of happiness, and what actually constitutes people’s sense of why they are and what they are for”. He argues that the Romantic Movement from the 18th and 19th centuries led to a new understanding of selfhood based on the inner life of the individual. Self became primarily psychologised, increasingly expressed through sexuality. As one of Trueman’s reviewers has said, “we are swimming in the cultural water where the self has been sexualised, psychologised and politicised”. Trueman calls this development “expressive individualism”. Taylor says we absorb the current social imaginary from the culture, often unconsciously. To expressive individualism, Taylor adds a culture of authenticity which pushes back on any other agency applying expectations or boundaries.
Schools no longer places of formation, but platforms for performance
Trueman claims that a highly individualistic, sexually obsessed and materialistic mindset has triumphed in the West. Consequently, instead of previous centuries in which people defined themselves in reference to communal beliefs, practice and institutions, in the world of ‘psychological man’ institutions become the servants of the individual’s wellbeing. Consequently, he says schools and universities are often not seen as places of formation but platforms for performance. It follows that they must be safe places where, rather than challenging beliefs and commitments, young people are to be affirmed and reassured, an implication of the abandonment of the sacred order and a culture justified by itself. This leads to the abandonment of moral codes, to be replaced by consequentialist pragmatism. This engenders volatility in the culture, where ethics become the function of feeling, preoccupied by self-actualisation and fulfilment of the individual.
Devoted to subversion, destabilisation and destruction
Trueman goes on to say, “whereas in the first and second worlds, intellectuals and institutions such as universities were the conduits for the transmission and preservation of culture, now the intellectual class is devoted to the opposite – to the subversion, destabilisation and destruction of the culture’s traditions”. The prophets of these developments include Marx and Freud; Marx saw ethics and moral codes simply as means of maintaining class structure within society, where Freud saw sex as definitive of who we are. Trueman notes that normalisation of pornography is a rejection of the sacred order. He quotes Reiff, “Forgetfulness is now the curricular form of our higher education. That, he says, “guarantees that this generation will be the first of the new born barbarism, committed to the denigration, destruction and erasure of the past – not only its artifacts but also its values and practices. Cultural amnesia is the order of the day, a political imperative, a fundamental aspect of social imaginary”.
Do not compromise!
Both Professors Taylor and Trueman provide a devastating critique of culture in recent times. Trueman’s advice is that “a close-knit, doctrinally bounded community requires us to act consistently with our faith; do not compromise on Biblical and natural truths for the sake of maintaining popularity with the world. The consequences are and will be severe”. This is one way of viewing the Apostle Paul’s instruction in Romans 12:2, “Do not conform to the pattern of this world, but be transformed by the renewing of your mind. Then you will be able to test and approve what God’s will is – his good, pleasing and perfect will”.
Our role as parents and staff
While we are not shapers of intellectual currents, as parents and staff we are custodians of the raising of young people to splendid adulthood, as school and home work in partnership. It is important to note that as cultural tides move away from biblical ethics, we have the opportunity and obligation to interpret the divergences for our young people. As British psychiatrist Glynn Harrison points out, if Christians wish to help young people to conform to a biblical rather than cultural ethic, we need to be able to tell “a better story” of the rich fulfilment of living the biblical ethic. Jesus did indeed say, “I have come that they (us!) may have life, and have it abundantly” (John 10:10). It is our contention at Covenant that this is best achieved through joyful adherence to a Biblical ethic.
Dr John Collier
Interim Principal